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If oxygen saturation is too low, this is referred to as both hypoxemia or hypoxia. With hypoxemia the oxygen content in the arterial at-home blood monitoring is decreased.10 Hypoxia is an absence of oxygen in the entire organism or in certain tissues. 90-94%, paO2 approx. Eighty mmHg). High-grade / severe hypoxemia (SaO2 lower than 85%, paO2 lower than 50 mmHg). Hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency: decreased partial pressure of oxygen (pO2). Hypercapnic respiratory insufficiency: Decreased partial stress of oxygen (pO2) and increased partial strain of carbon dioxide (pCO2). Latent respiratory insufficiency: Decreased partial strain of oxygen (pO2) throughout exercise. Hypoxic hypoxia: partial strain of oxygen (pO2) in arterial blood is too low. Anemic hypoxia: O2 transport capacity of the blood is reduced (e.g., because of a decrease in hemoglobin content or impaired O2 binding capacity). Ischemic or circulatory hypoxia (stagnant hypoxia): tissue perfusion is impaired (e.g., as a result of coronary heart failure, blood vessel occlusion). Histotoxic hypoxia: cellular respiration is blocked by toxins. There are lots of causes of low oxygen saturation: various lung diseases can result in too little oxygen reaching the pulmonary alveoli (ventilation disorder). Diffusion disorders are additionally potential, wherein the gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries is disturbed. In addition, diseases of the blood, similar to anemia or hematopoiesis, trigger impaired oxygen transport. Cardiovascular diseases akin to heart failure trigger insufficient oxygen supply to the organs as a result of vascular occlusion. In addition to diseases, environmental components equivalent to excessive altitudes may also lead to a decrease in oxygen saturation in the blood. |
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